Social Penetration Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social Penetration Theory - Essay Example Typically, most of the friendships rarely go past this stage. Thirdly, the relationship moves to the affective stage where private matters are discussed, and arguments may arise. Physical closeness and intimate touching occasion it. After this stage, the relationship graduates to stability. This is the plateau on which private matters are deeply exhibited each of the involved parties can envisage the expressive response of each other (Altman $ Taylor, 1973). Lastly, depenetration may arise if the costs outdo the benefits accruing from the relationship (Altman $ Taylor, 1973). This theory is well illustrated in music lyrics involving a love story line. The artist first introduces the characters and briefly gives a scenario of how they met. He then describes how they developed an interest in each other and superficial interaction, which is not personal. It is inferentially based on discussion of general issues such as education, economy among others. Later, the artist narrates how intimacy grew between the characters and how they handle arguments and criticism. Lastly, the artist climaxes the lyrics by recounting the aftermath of the relationship; that is if the association survived or depenetrated. In applying the theory in the film titled â€Å"Jack Reacher,† the main character, Reacher, approaches Helen, who is an attorney to a murder suspect. Reacher believes that the suspect is innocent and tries to create rapport with the attorney by making a casual appearance in her office.

Management Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Management Assessment - Essay Example From my personal Jungian personality type, I am a loyal, amiable, and willing to make sacrifices for the greatest good. This means that I am a dedicated person to the god of my job, especially in the struggle to achieve results. Management style thus is a dedicated type of management that does not offer room for laxity. As a manager with these qualities, I expect my team to be team players in their work, show dedication and willingness to work. However, this type of management style is suitable for careers such as a masseur, vet, painter, mechanic or clerical supervisor. This means that I have few people to manage in my daily operations. This helps in avoiding overworking others, as I would expect them to show equal dedication to work just like their manager. In most cases, this type of management leads to coercion and pushing other people, some times to the extreme limits. Although this type of management achieves results and targets at an early stage, employees feel more used and e xploited, leaving them demotivated. It could lead to a high employee turnover in a large organization. Five traits, described as The Big Five Personality Model determine the personality traits of a manager. They determine the strengths and weaknesses of a of the leadership qualities as a manager. Extroversion means that an individual is gregarious, assertive and sociable. This contradicts with introversion, which holds that people are reserved, timid and quiet. Managers who portray extroversion qualities are good managers, as they do not limit themselves to their own individual perceptions. Introverts are weak managers who are unsocial, reserved and timid. Agreeableness refers to an individual’s propensity to differ with others. People who possess a high level of agreeableness tend to be cooperative, warm and trusting. This defines the characteristics of a strong manager as they can cooperate with others easily, show high levels of warmth and trusting enough. However, weak ma nagers’ forms the group of people who score low on the agreeableness scale tend to be cold, disagreeable and antagonistic. This type of managers thus cannot compare with high levels of agreeableness. Conscientiousness measures the level of reliably of a person by others. Characteristics of a manager with a high level of conscientiousness include responsibility, organization, dependability, and persistent. Such managers are strong and highly reliable. On the other hand, weak managers score lowly on the conscientiousness scale. This is because they are easily distracted, disorganized and unreliable, qualities defining poor managers. Emotional stability described with its converse neuroticism taps into a person’s stability, the tendency of calmness, self-confident and secure. Strong managers are those possessing high emotional stability, and are calm, self-confident and secure. Openness to experience addresses an array of interests and fascination with novelty. Thus, mana gers with extreme openness are highly creative, curious and artistically sensitive. On the other hand, weak managers have weak emotional stability. Personality determines the management style people prefer applied to them. People scoring high on emotional stability are happier than those scoring low. Compared to other big five, the association of this trait to the job satisfaction is high. Thus, people lows on emotional stability are hyper-vigilant and are more prone to physical and psychological effects of stress. Extroverts tend to be happier in their jobs as well as their lives than the introverts are. They tend to perform better than the introverts and require strong interpersonal interaction. Since they have a high level of social dominance, they show exhibit a high level of assertion than the introverts. Thus, they are more likely to engage in more risky behaviour and miss from work more than the introverts. Managers who score high on openness to experience are more creative i n science rather than in art. Since creativity

Issues of medical waste related to business, society, and government Essay

Issues of medical waste related to business, society, and government - Essay Example The spread of infections is easy if medical waste is accessible in such a manner posing a threat to the society. The haphazard disposal pollutes the environment making living around dump sites uncomfortable. The government, society and the business firms all have to work in unison to alleviate the problem of medical waste. The society is the receiver of the shortcoming of poor medical waste handling. The gases released in the atmosphere from the hospitals like sevoflurane, isoflurane and desflurane contribute to global warming (Talsma, 2009). The society is suffering from poor medical waste management. The hospitals disposing of the waste are part of the society as their business is from the sick individuals in the society. The workers in the health institutions and facilities are part of the society and need to be in a clean environment free from contamination. The three parties are affected by the waste. They have to ensure that the best waste management method in use at all cost. Organisations always prefer maximizing their profits. The social responsibility of organisations is engrained in the business culture. If an organization is not socially responsible, the company may use any means include unethical to achieve its objectives. Profits made by hospitals can be in the allocation of partly ensuring that the waste is disposed appropriately. The appropriate disposal methods are costly as sorting and grouping of waste requires time and extra labour. Hospitals should accept to bear such cost to ensure that the environment is sustainable for the society. The social responsibility is important as it indicates the value the hospital attaches to it. The government regulate the business through legislation. The laws the government sets are important in waste management. These laws are compulsory and not optional they thus ensure that a set standard is in maintenance. Self-regulation is important as it ensures that set

To identify an innovative human resource management practice or Essay

To identify an innovative human resource management practice or program - Essay Example The work that follows highlights problems solved by giving compensation and benefits to employees and its importance. Issues addressed by compensation and benefits Benefits and compensation are some of the important methods of motivating workers in an organization or a company. Due to high competition in the job market, employers seek to maintain their employees (Grobler 24). The award of benefits and compensation by employers to their employees saves them a number of problems. First, it saves the organization loss of employees because an employee cannot go for another job (Sims 458). A company that lacks good motivation to its employees will always look for more employees to replace those that have left the company due to unfavorable working conditions. An employee will always admire to work under better terms of service. Secondly, it saves poor production. This is because there will be enough workforce for the particular fields in the organization. Poor production will only result in an organization where there is no recognition on the importance of the work done by employees (Kleynhans 59). It is only that organization that gives motivation to its workers through giving benefits and compensation that will succeed it solving this problem. Poor production leads to poor achievement or profits. Poor quality of the products will always lead to poor sales in the market. This also leads to high losses incurred by the organization due to lack of recovery of the expenses incurred in the production process after sales (WorldatWork 451). Thirdly, it reduces competition on the company’s products (Kleynhans 35). If the employees leave and have the ability to start their own companies, they will, and this will give competition to the organization from which formerly employed them. If the employees are unable to start their companies, they will look for employment in other companies in the same field, which offer better terms of service. Due to the increased demand for labor force, the workers prefer the company that offers fair terms (Grobler 85). This promotes production due to enough workforce and motivated workers. Compensation and benefits saves a company of bad reputation. For example if an organization abruptly terminates a worker’s employment is and there is no compensation, definitely, the worker would not be happy with the treat given. This tarnishes the organization’s name, and as long as employers still flock the market looking for employment, they will not wish to work in an organization that treats workers unfairly. Reputation is a virtue that is very vital in the business line. If the is spoilt, the organization goes on low production due to lack of workers (Kleynhans 237). Compensations also save a company from court cases. Court cases emerge for instance when an injury occurs to an employee in the line of duty and no compensation. The worker may look for a personal lawyer and sue the company to court (Grobler 88) . On the contrary, if the company awards compensation to workers incase of emergencies like these, the program will save the company time, because of all the processes undergone in processing the cases and pursuing them in court and saves finances accompanying the court cases. Suing a company in court leads to decline in the production progress, as many activities will slow down due to lack of the personnel involved in the process, and the finances used in processing the

Business ethics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business ethics - Essay Example The paper tells that the 21st century workplace is a dynamic one and throws new scenarios and challenges every day. There are numerous ethical problems that arise and the decision making needs to be supported by strong ethical principles for everyone involved to be benefited. There are various ethical principles ad theories that have been discussed in great detail in theory and these needs to be applied in every day decision making. Moral and ethics is not always about being right/wrong or true/false but has numerous other considerations and factors such as feelings, preferences, resolutions, demand and many more. The details of the case: the researcher has been working as housing officer with a housing department for two years. During this time the researcher has developed a close friendship with John who is a manager of a local hostel. There had been an opening in my department and John had told me that he would apply for the position. He fears that his current job is at risk as hi s organization has financial difficulties. As the current opening in the researcher’s department needed a degree qualification, the researcher had figured that John would not get the position as he did not have a degree. But the researcher found out yesterday that John has got the job and one of the main reasons for it is his claim that he has Business administration degree from a top British University. The researcher believes John has lied in his application and interview.... Employee loyalty, moral obligation/duty, obedience, honesty, legal responsibility, etc are the various ethics involved in this response. This response is in accordance to the moral theory of obligation. One of the most basic elements of the moral fabric of our society is not to lie. It is very clear that John has lied in order to get the job. This is not just a lie but also a fraud and deception. Fraud and deception of any form violate ethical custom and law (SAGE, 2011). Any responsible citizen of a society, irrespective of being an employee of the organization or not, has a moral obligation to the society to stop or act such incidents that affect the value system of the society. Such incidents if not acted upon set a bad example in the society. So even if I was not an employee of the company, it would be my responsibility to bring the issue to the notice of the concerned. As mentioned above it is the moral duty, not just in an organization but in our society, to tell the truth. Mos t ordinary rule of â€Å"ethical custom† is telling the truth (Snoeyenbos & Humber, 2001). If an employee is aware of a lie that is been told to his employer, then the rule of ethical custom imposes a moral duty on the employee to tell the truth. Knowing about the lie and not reporting would question my honesty. Even though I am not directly involved, I would still be dishonest if I don’t act on this issue. Also I owe my loyalty to my employer. As every employee expects his employer to be loyal to him and take care of his needs and necessities so do the employer. Employee loyalty is a legitimate and coherent concept. Organizations expect employees to be loyal to the organization and vice versa. Simple obligations of loyalty that come with a job are to act in such a

Roe v. Wade was incorrect legally and constitutionally (Catholic) Term Paper

Roe v. Wade was incorrect legally and constitutionally (Catholic) - Term Paper Example Wade’s constitutionality with reference to the written constitution. There is so much false information regarding the Supreme Court’s decision on this case. To say that the decision of the Supreme Court was legally and constitutionally correct means that the decision should base on principles enshrined in the constitution of the United States, on precedents in constitutional law and on rights, which the constitution purposely created to secure and protect. Abortion has been generally a debated issue for many years. Abortion gets opposition especially by the church and activists’ arguing that abortion is murder, and therefore, women should not have the right to an abortion. On this case, the Supreme Court gave Roe the right to an abortion saying that it was her constitutional right not to bear the child of a rapist. The court emphasized that they were not deciding when human life starts. They ruled that an unborn child is not a human being within the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment and therefore, not entitled to have rights to life, liberty, and property. The court effectively argued that unborn children are not living human beings and therefore, they are not entitled to the Fourteenth amendment rights1. Historical evidence of abortion does not support a woman’s right to an abortion. Early feminists opposed abortion, as the medical procedure was not safe for women, endangering their health and life. By 1965, all the fifty states had banned abortion, with some exceptions, which were different depending on the state: to save the life of the mother, in cases of rape or incest, or if the unborn child was deformed. These words gave women the right to an abortion. Groups such as the National Abortion Rights League struggled to liberalize anti-abortion laws. The history of abortion is much familiar to the Roe v. Wade case as it made most existing state abortion laws unconstitutional. The Court did not interpret in

The importance of Early Childhood professions Essay

The importance of Early Childhood professions - Essay Example Century-old studies of psychologists and researchers and theorists like Sigmund Freud, Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget, served as catalysts to the evolution of professions that specifically cater to the needs of infants, toddlers and young children. In addition to the rise in the demand of professionals in childhood settings, there have been trainings and programs that were designed to meet the needs of such professionals in order to perform their jobs well. The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) is one of the organizations that cater to the needs of individuals seeking to be in an early childhood profession. It has seen the necessity of training children as early as infancy and has gathered people with a passion to reach out to parents and children. Its main objectives are to facilitate professional development of individuals working for and with young children of zero to eight years and to improve public understanding and support for high quality early ch ildhood programs (naeyc.org, 1993). For this reason, there arose a number of programs that were improved as the years passed, to adjust to the changing needs of families and children. Whether the programs offered were established by private or government entities, the main goal had been to provide quality assured services to both parents and children in the crucial learning stages of the children. Child care, a job understandably from the name itself, involves a professional in the care of children. This job often requires a full day schedule that is synchronized with the parents’ working schedules to enable them to do their own jobs. Facility licensures are given to child care centers, provided by state departments of human services as the regulating body. Following the requirements, centers should prepare their staff and qualify them through trainings on how to handle clients. However, since child care takes just common sense to perform one’s job, the trainings are n ot strictly implemented. Rather, applicants with no previous experience are hired and learn important lessons as they work from day to day. Nevertheless, institutions should have the initiative to hire trained staff or train their own employees to further the quality of their services. This will not only satisfy clients but will also make a lasting impression that could make the institution last. Ellen Frede emphasized the result of studies that have found that staff members with more formal schooling or specialized training are more attentive and nurturing in their behavior toward children (1995), which is sought by most parents. In the case of family child care homes, registration as required by law should be followed (naeyc.org). Child caregivers basically attend to he basic needs of the children. For instance, they should feed and let them rest at the right time. Bathing and clothing the children can also be a part of their duties and responsibilities when the circumstances dema nd so. During waking hours, it is the responsibility of the child care provider to ensure the child’s security especially during play. Another profession to look at in this particular setting is the early childhood education (ECE). It is assumed to promote children’s social and educational development. This program is not like the child care program which requires a full d